Landmark Cases & Legal Concepts

Gingles Factors: Three Preconditions and the Senate Factors

Hayburn’s Case: Justiciability and Advisory Opinions

Is Matter of Hashmi Still Good Law After L-A-B-R?

New York Times v. Sullivan: Holding and Actual Malice Standard

McDonald v. Chicago Summary: Holding, Incorporation, and Dissents

Goss v. Lopez: Student Suspensions and Due Process Rights

Chiafalo v. Washington: The Faithless Elector Ruling Explained

Muller v. Oregon: The Brandeis Brief, Ruling, and Legacy

Wickard v. Filburn Summary: Commerce Clause and Aggregation

Citizens United v. FEC: The 5–4 Ruling, Dissent, and Super PACs