Onvoy, LLC Lawsuit: Lopez Class Action and State AG Notice

The Onvoy, LLC lawsuit most people are asking about is Lopez v. Onvoy, LLC, a 2022 federal class action that accused the carrier of routing a fraudulent student loan robocall scheme; it was voluntarily dismissed a few months after filing. The larger legal exposure now sits with Onvoy’s parent, Inteliquent, Inc., which on December 3, 2025 received a formal notice from a bipartisan coalition of 51 state attorneys general accusing it of facilitating more than a billion illegal robocalls.

The 2022 Lopez Class Action

Four named plaintiffs — Maria Lopez of Illinois, Gregory Kilcrease of Florida, Veronica Howard of Michigan, and Regina Rogers of Texas — filed suit on March 14, 2022 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The case, Lopez et al. v. Onvoy, LLC et al., No. 4:22-cv-01607-HSG, went to Judge Haywood S. Gilliam, Jr.¹

The complaint named three groups of defendants: telecommunications companies (Onvoy, LLC; Inteliquent, Inc.; and IP Horizon Communications, LLC), financial entities (Social Finance, Inc. and SoFi Lending Corp.), and the student loan servicer MOHELA. It also listed up to 100 unnamed telemarketing companies.²

What the Plaintiffs Alleged

The plaintiffs described a coordinated scheme targeting federal student loan borrowers. According to the complaint, the telecom defendants used VoIP technology and automated dialing to place thousands of robocalls and direct voicemails carrying prerecorded messages made to sound like government offers of loan forgiveness. Caller ID numbers were spoofed to hide the true origin of the calls.²

Borrowers who called back, the complaint said, were routed to call centers where agents posed as representatives of a “Central Processing Center for Student Loan Forgiveness Applications” and tried to extract sensitive personal and financial information.³ The plaintiffs went further, alleging the scheme was also designed to harvest biometric voiceprints during the calls that could later defeat voice authentication used by financial institutions. The complaint asserted that roughly 60% of all robocalls placed in the United States were delivered through Onvoy’s network.²

Claims Filed

The lawsuit raised four sets of claims:

Telephone Consumer Protection Act violations under 47 U.S.C. § 227 for artificial and prerecorded voices and automated dialing without prior express written consent.
Florida Telephone Solicitation Act violations.
Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act violations for the alleged collection and storage of voiceprints.
Negligence claims against SoFi and MOHELA for allowing fraudsters access to borrower data.

The plaintiffs argued SoFi and MOHELA were vicariously liable because the telecom defendants acted as their agents or sub-agents, relying on FCC rulings that hold entities responsible for third-party telemarketers acting with apparent authority.²

How the Case Ended

The case did not reach the merits. On April 14, 2022, Judge Gilliam signed an order dismissing MOHELA as a defendant.⁴ On June 16, 2022, the plaintiffs filed a notice of voluntary dismissal and the case was terminated in full.⁵ Court records do not indicate any settlement or that the case was refiled.

The 51-State Attorneys General Notice

The larger action against Onvoy came through its parent. On December 3, 2025, the Anti-Robocall Multistate Litigation Task Force — 51 state attorneys general working together — issued a formal notice to Inteliquent, Inc. and its associated entities, including Onvoy, LLC, Voyant Communications, LLC, and Sinch America Inc. The notice was part of Phase 2 of Operation Robocall Roundup, which also targeted Bandwidth, Lumen, and Peerless.⁶

The Volumes at Issue

Since January 2019, the Industry Traceback Group issued at least 9,712 traceback notices to Inteliquent for suspected illegal or suspicious robocall traffic. More than 5,700 of those came after August 2022, when the Task Force had already contacted the company about its call traffic.⁷

Between May 2020 and November 2024, the Task Force estimated, Inteliquent facilitated approximately 1.425 billion Social Security Administration and IRS government imposter robocalls. Between October 2021 and November 2024, it allegedly facilitated about 450 million Amazon and Apple imposter calls.⁸ Scam campaigns traced to the network included credit card interest rate scams, Medicare and health insurance fraud, auto warranty calls, tech support scams, student loan schemes, and sweepstakes fraud.⁷

Since July 2025, Inteliquent was identified as the originating, gateway, or immediate downstream provider for more than 40% of recurrent high-volume suspicious robocall campaigns in traffic samples tracked by the Industry Traceback Group.⁷

STIR/SHAKEN Concerns

The notice also questioned how Inteliquent handled STIR/SHAKEN, the framework meant to verify caller ID legitimacy. Analysis by ZipDX identified more than 4,432 suspicious calls transmitted by Inteliquent in the twelve months before November 2025, using 3,767 unique calling numbers — a pattern the Task Force described as “snowshoeing,” where robocallers rotate numbers rapidly to evade blocking. Over 96% of those calls went to numbers on the National Do Not Call Registry.⁷

At least 242 of those suspicious calls carried “A” or “B” SHAKEN attestations, meaning Inteliquent had vouched for either the identity of the caller or the caller’s right to use the number. The Task Force treated this as evidence the authentication framework was not working as intended on Inteliquent’s network.⁸

What Onvoy and Inteliquent Could Face

The Task Force said Inteliquent’s conduct could expose the company to damages, civil penalties, injunctions, and other relief under the Telemarketing Sales Rule, the TCPA, and the Truth in Caller ID Act. Under that last statute, illegal caller ID spoofing carries civil penalties of up to $10,000 per violation, tripled for each day of continuing violations.⁸

The Task Force also flagged that the FCC can issue cease-and-desist orders, pursue forfeiture penalties, or remove a provider from the Robocall Mitigation Database — a removal that effectively bars other carriers from accepting its traffic.⁷

Inteliquent was given 35 days to respond with a plan for addressing the concerns. The notice expressly preserved the Task Force’s ability to bring enforcement actions for conduct that occurred before December 3, 2025.⁸

How Onvoy Fits In

Onvoy is a voice carrier that has changed hands several times. Private equity firm GTCR, which then owned Onvoy, acquired Inteliquent in early 2017 and merged the companies under the Inteliquent brand.⁹ In February 2021, Swedish cloud communications company Sinch AB announced a $1.14 billion cash deal to acquire Inteliquent through the entity Onvoy Holdings Inc.,¹⁰ which closed on December 9, 2021.¹¹ That is why the December 2025 notice reaches Onvoy, Voyant, Inteliquent, and Sinch America as related entities.

Why Carriers Are Being Targeted, Not Just Callers

Under FCC rules, intermediate providers — carriers that transmit call traffic without originating or terminating it — must pass authenticated caller ID information unaltered, participate in the industry traceback process, and register in the Robocall Mitigation Database.¹² In March 2023, the FCC expanded those duties, requiring non-gateway intermediate providers to authenticate unauthenticated SIP calls and adopt “know-your-upstream-provider” procedures, and giving itself authority to revoke a provider’s operating authority for continued violations.¹³

Courts have moved in the same direction. In Mey v. All Access Telecom, Inc. (N.D. W.Va. 2021), a federal court held that common carriers can face TCPA liability when they have a high degree of involvement in, or actual notice of, illegal use of their networks and fail to act.¹⁴ Taken together, the Onvoy filings and the Inteliquent notice show regulators and private plaintiffs applying that theory to a carrier that has been on their radar for years. The attorneys general investigation remains open, and no formal enforcement action had been finalized as of December 2025.

1
PACER Monitor. Lopez et al v. Onvoy, LLC et al
2
ClassAction.org. Lopez et al v. Onvoy LLC et al Complaint
3
ClassAction.org. SoFi, Telecomm Cos. Hit With Class Action Over Alleged Student Loan Forgiveness Robocall Scam
4
GovInfo. Lopez et al v. Onvoy, LLC et al
5
CourtListener. Lopez v. Onvoy, LLC
6
Maryland Office of the Attorney General. Attorney General Brown Begins Phase 2 of Operation Robocall Roundup
7
North Carolina Department of Justice. State AG Task Force Notice Letter to Inteliquent
8
Maryland Office of the Attorney General. AG Task Force Notice to Inteliquent
9
INCOMPAS. Member Profile – Inteliquent
10
GlobeNewsWire. Sinch Establishes Leadership in US Voice Communications Through Acquisition of Inteliquent
11
Moelis & Company. Sinch AB’s Acquisition of Inteliquent, Inc.
12
Federal Communications Commission. FCC Report on Robocall Mitigation
13
Wiley Rein LLP. FCC Significantly Expands Robocall Obligations for Broad Universe of Providers
14
U.S. District Court, Northern District of West Virginia. Mey v. All Access Telecom, Order Denying Motions to Dismiss